Xie, Huimin;
Zhu, Shuyu;
Wen, Ping;
Zhou, Deyue;
Yin, Yidan;
Lan, Yang;
Lee, Tung-Chun;
... Pu, Qiaosheng; + view all
(2024)
Raspberry-Like Plasmonic Nanoaggregates with Programmable Hierarchical Structures for Reproducible SERS Detection of Wastewater Pollutants and Biomarkers.
Analytical Chemistry
10.1021/acs.analchem.4c03533.
(In press).
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Abstract
Conventional solid-based SERS substrates often face challenges with inconsistent sample distribution, while liquid-based SERS substrates are prone to aggregation and precipitation, resulting in irreproducible signals in both cases. In this study, we tackled this dilemma by designing and synthesizing raspberry-like plasmonic nanoaggregates that exhibit a high density of hotspots and are colloidally stable at the same time. In particular, the nanoaggregates consist of a core made of functionalized polystyrene (PS) microspheres, which act as a template for rapid self-assembly of Au@Ag core–shell nanoparticles to form raspberry-like hierarchical nanoaggregates within 5 min of mixing. The optimized nanoaggregates can be used as reproducible and stable SERS substrates for a range of wastewater pollutants (e.g., rhodamine 6G (R6G) and malachite green (MG)) and nucleobases (e.g., adenine and uracil), with the detection limits as low as 1 × 10–10, 1 × 10–16, 3 × 10–8, and 3 × 10–7 M, respectively. Additionally, the trace detection of adenine in clinical urine samples has been successfully demonstrated. Our modular assembly approach opens up new possibilities in SERS substrate design and advanced trace-chemical detection technologies.
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