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The relationship between wearable-derived sleep features and relapse in Major Depressive Disorder

Matcham, F; Carr, E; Meyer, N; White, KM; Oetzmann, C; Leightley, D; Lamers, F; ... Hotopf, M; + view all (2024) The relationship between wearable-derived sleep features and relapse in Major Depressive Disorder. Journal of Affective Disorders , 363 pp. 90-98. 10.1016/j.jad.2024.07.136. Green open access

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Abstract

Background: Changes in sleep and circadian function are leading candidate markers for the detection of relapse in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Consumer-grade wearable devices may enable remote and real-time examination of dynamic changes in sleep. Fitbit data from individuals with recurrent MDD were used to describe the longitudinal effects of sleep duration, quality, and regularity on subsequent depression relapse and severity. Methods: Data were collected as part of a longitudinal observational mobile Health (mHealth) cohort study in people with recurrent MDD. Participants wore a Fitbit device and completed regular outcome assessments via email for a median follow-up of 541 days. We used multivariable regression models to test the effects of sleep features on depression outcomes. We considered respondents with at least one assessment of relapse (n = 218) or at least one assessment of depression severity (n = 393). Results: Increased intra-individual variability in total sleep time, greater sleep fragmentation, lower sleep efficiency, and more variable sleep midpoints were associated with worse depression outcomes. Adjusted Population Attributable Fractions suggested that an intervention to increase sleep consistency in adults with MDD could reduce the population risk for depression relapse by up to 22 %. Limitations: Limitations include a potentially underpowered primary outcome due to the smaller number of relapses identified than expected. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates a role for consumer-grade activity trackers in estimating relapse risk and depression severity in people with recurrent MDD. Variability in sleep duration and midpoint may be useful targets for stratified interventions.

Type: Article
Title: The relationship between wearable-derived sleep features and relapse in Major Depressive Disorder
Location: Netherlands
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.07.136
Publisher version: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2024.07.136
Language: English
Additional information: © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. under a Creative Commons license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Health Informatics
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Health Informatics > Clinical Epidemiology
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10198994
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