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The effects of sleep duration on the risk of dementia incidence in short and long follow-up studies: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Howard, Connie; Mukadam, Naaheed; Hui, Esther K; Livingston, Gill; (2024) The effects of sleep duration on the risk of dementia incidence in short and long follow-up studies: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Medicine , 124 pp. 522-530. 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.10.022. Green open access

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Abstract

Sleep duration's association with future dementia could be a cause or consequence, or both. We searched electronic databases on 14th April 2023 for primary peer-reviewed, longitudinal studies examining the relationship between sleep duration and dementia with any follow-up duration. We meta-analysed studies examining brief (≤6 h/night) and extended sleep duration (≥9 h/night) separately and divided the studies into those with follow-up periods of less or more than 10 years. The quality of evidence was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. 31 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. For brief sleep duration, a meta-analysis of short follow-up studies (≤10 years) found a 46 % increased risk of future dementia (relative risk [RR] – 1·46; 95 % Confidence Intervals [CIs] 1·48–1·77; I2 = 88·92 %, 6 studies). Studies with long follow-ups (>10 years) did not show a significantly increased risk (RR – 1·12; 0·95–1·29; I2 = 65·91 %; 5 studies). For extended sleep duration, a meta-analysis of short and long follow-up studies reported an increased risk of dementia (respectively RR - 2·20; 1·11–3·3; I2 = 94·17 %; 4 studies and RR – 1·74; 1·30–2·18; I2 = 86·56 %; 4 studies). Our findings suggest that brief sleep duration might be a prodromal symptom but not a risk factor of dementia. Extended sleep duration may be a risk factor. However, our results had high heterogeneity limiting external validity and generalisability.

Type: Article
Title: The effects of sleep duration on the risk of dementia incidence in short and long follow-up studies: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.10.022
Publisher version: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2024.10.022
Language: English
Additional information: This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync- nd/4.0/ ).
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > Division of Psychiatry
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > Division of Psychiatry > Mental Health of Older People
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10198927
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