Muschialli, Luke;
Mannath, Ankith;
Moochhala, Shabbir H;
Shroff, Rukshana;
Ferraro, Pietro Manuel;
(2024)
Epidemiological and biological associations between cardiovascular disease and kidney stone formation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases
, 34
(3)
pp. 559-568.
10.1016/j.numecd.2023.09.011.
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Abstract
Aims: Previous studies find kidney stone formers (KSF) are at greater risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). The underlying mechanisms are poorly understood, and many clinicians are unaware of this connection. We will: 1 Provide an up-to-date review of epidemiological data. 2 Clearly define CVD outcomes to understand conditions associated with kidney stone formation (KSF). 3 Review hypothesised biological pathways to further understand the relationship. / Data synthesis: Our systematic review is registered with PROSPERO (ID CRD42021251477). We searched epidemiological and biological data. The epidemiological search generated 669 papers, narrowed down to 15. There were 4,259,869 participants (230,720 KSFs). KSF was associated with 25% higher risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) (95% confidence interval (CI): 15, 35%), 17% higher risk of stroke/transient ischemic attacks (TIA) (CI:10, 25%) and 39% higher risk of arterial disease (AD) (CI: 17 65%). Significant heterogeneity was found. Female-identifying KSFs had a higher risk of stroke (ratio = 1.10) and CAD (1.20). The biological search generated 125 papers, narrowed down to 14. Potential underlying mechanisms were extracted and discussed, including intimal/medial vascular calcification, oxidative stress via osteopontin (OPN), cholesterol-induced pathology, and endothelial dysfunction. / Conclusions: There is a significant association between KSF and CVD, supporting the consideration of KSF as a systemic, calcium-mediated disease. Clinicians will benefit from being aware of this connection.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Epidemiological and biological associations between cardiovascular disease and kidney stone formation: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
| Location: | Netherlands |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.09.011 |
| Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2023.09.011 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of The Italian Diabetes Society, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
| Keywords: | Kidney stones, Cardiovascular disease, Epidemiology, Systematic review, Meta-analysis, Primary care, Public health |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute for Global Health UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > UCL GOS Institute of Child Health |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10197971 |
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