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Factors influencing clinician and patient interaction with machine learning-based risk prediction models: a systematic review

Giddings, Rebecca; Joseph, Anabel; Callender, Thomas; Janes, Sam M; Van der Schaar, Mihaela; Sheringham, Jessica; Navani, Neal; (2024) Factors influencing clinician and patient interaction with machine learning-based risk prediction models: a systematic review. The Lancet Digital Health , 6 (2) e131-e144. 10.1016/S2589-7500(23)00241-8. Green open access

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Abstract

Machine learning (ML)-based risk prediction models hold the potential to support the health-care setting in several ways; however, use of such models is scarce. We aimed to review health-care professional (HCP) and patient perceptions of ML risk prediction models in published literature, to inform future risk prediction model development. Following database and citation searches, we identified 41 articles suitable for inclusion. Article quality varied with qualitative studies performing strongest. Overall, perceptions of ML risk prediction models were positive. HCPs and patients considered that models have the potential to add benefit in the health-care setting. However, reservations remain; for example, concerns regarding data quality for model development and fears of unintended consequences following ML model use. We identified that public views regarding these models might be more negative than HCPs and that concerns (eg, extra demands on workload) were not always borne out in practice. Conclusions are tempered by the low number of patient and public studies, the absence of participant ethnic diversity, and variation in article quality. We identified gaps in knowledge (particularly views from under-represented groups) and optimum methods for model explanation and alerts, which require future research.

Type: Article
Title: Factors influencing clinician and patient interaction with machine learning-based risk prediction models: a systematic review
Location: England
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1016/S2589-7500(23)00241-8
Publisher version: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2589-7500(23)00241-8
Language: English
Additional information: Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences > Div of Medicine
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Epidemiology and Health
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences > Div of Medicine > Respiratory Medicine
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Epidemiology and Health > Applied Health Research
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10186469
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