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Moderating model marketplaces: platform governance puzzles for AI intermediaries

Gorwa, Robert; Veale, Michael; (2024) Moderating model marketplaces: platform governance puzzles for AI intermediaries. Law, Innovation and Technology , 16 (2) 10.1080/17579961.2024.2388914. Green open access

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Abstract

The AI development community is increasingly making use of hosting intermediaries, such as Hugging Face, which provide easy access to user-uploaded models and training data. These model marketplaces lower technical deployment barriers for hundreds of thousands of users, yet can be used in numerous potentially harmful and illegal ways. In this article, we explain the ways in which AI systems, which can both ‘contain’ content and be open-ended tools, present one of the trickiest platform governance challenges seen to date. We provide case studies of several incidents across three illustrative platforms – Hugging Face, GitHub and Civitai – to examine how model marketplaces moderate models. Building on this analysis, we outline important (and yet nevertheless limited) practices that industry has been developing to respond to moderation demands: licensing, access and use restrictions, automated content moderation, and open policy development. While the policy challenge at hand is a considerable one, we conclude with some ideas as to how platforms could better mobilise resources to act as a careful, fair, and proportionate regulatory access point.

Type: Article
Title: Moderating model marketplaces: platform governance puzzles for AI intermediaries
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1080/17579961.2024.2388914
Publisher version: https://doi.org/10.1080/17579961.2024.2388914
Language: English
Additional information: Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, and is not altered, transformed, or built upon in any way.
Keywords: Hosting intermediaries, artificial intelligence, machine learning, models, content moderation, platform governance
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL SLASH
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL SLASH > Faculty of Laws
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10185452
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