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Generative Artificial Intelligence Through ChatGPT and Other Large Language Models in Ophthalmology: Clinical Applications and Challenges

Tan, TF; Thirunavukarasu, AJ; Campbell, JP; Keane, PA; Pasquale, LR; Abramoff, MD; Kalpathy-Cramer, J; ... Ting, DSW; + view all (2023) Generative Artificial Intelligence Through ChatGPT and Other Large Language Models in Ophthalmology: Clinical Applications and Challenges. Ophthalmology Science , 3 (4) , Article 100394. 10.1016/j.xops.2023.100394. (In press). Green open access

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Abstract

The rapid progress of large language models (LLMs) driving generative artificial intelligence applications heralds the potential of opportunities in health care. We conducted a review up to April 2023 on Google Scholar, Embase, MEDLINE, and Scopus using the following terms: “large language models,” “generative artificial intelligence,” “ophthalmology,” “ChatGPT,” and “eye,” based on relevance to this review. From a clinical viewpoint specific to ophthalmologists, we explore from the different stakeholders’ perspectives—including patients, physicians, and policymakers—the potential LLM applications in education, research, and clinical domains specific to ophthalmology. We also highlight the foreseeable challenges of LLM implementation into clinical practice, including the concerns of accuracy, interpretability, perpetuating bias, and data security. As LLMs continue to mature, it is essential for stakeholders to jointly establish standards for best practices to safeguard patient safety. Financial Disclosure(s): Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.

Type: Article
Title: Generative Artificial Intelligence Through ChatGPT and Other Large Language Models in Ophthalmology: Clinical Applications and Challenges
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1016/j.xops.2023.100394
Publisher version: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xops.2023.100394
Language: English
Additional information: © 2023 by the American Academy of Ophthalmology 1 This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Published by Elsevier Inc
Keywords: Artificial intelligence, Chatbots, ChatGPT, Large language models
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > Institute of Ophthalmology
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10180861
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