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ECGI targeted ablation for persistent AF not responding to pulmonary vein isolation: Results of a two-staged strategy (TARGET AF2)

Dhillon, G; Honarbakhsh, S; Abbas, H; Waddingham, P; Dennis, AS; Ahluwalia, N; Finlay, M; ... Hunter, RJ; + view all (2023) ECGI targeted ablation for persistent AF not responding to pulmonary vein isolation: Results of a two-staged strategy (TARGET AF2). Heart Rhythm O² , 4 (10) pp. 609-617. 10.1016/j.hroo.2023.08.004. Green open access

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Abstract

Background: Mechanisms sustaining persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) remain unclear. / Objectives: The study sought to evaluate both the clinical outcomes and response to ablation of potential drivers in patients with recurrent persistent AF recurrence following pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). / Methods: A total of 100 patients with persistent AF of <2 years’ duration underwent cryoballoon PVI (ECG-I phenotyping of persistent AF based on driver burden and distribution to predict response to pulmonary vein isolation). Patients with documented recurrence of atrial arrhythmia within 12 months were recruited and underwent repeat PVI (if needed) followed by ablation of potential drivers (PDs) identified by electrocardiographic imaging (ECGI). PDs were defined as rotational activity >1.5 revolutions or focal activations. Cycle lengths were measured pre- and postablation. The primary outcome was freedom from atrial arrhythmia off antiarrhythmic drugs at 1 year as per guidelines. / Results: Of 37 patients recruited, 26 had recurrent AF and underwent ECGI-guided ablation of PDs. An average of 6.4 ± 2.7 PDs were targeted per patient. The mean ablation time targeting PDs was 15.5 ± 6.9 minutes. An ablation response occurred in 20 patients (AF termination in 6, cycle length prolongation ≥10% in 14). At 1 year, 14 (54%) of 26 patients were free from arrhythmia, and 12 (46%) of 26 were off antiarrhythmic drugs. Considering the 96 patients who completed follow-up out of the original cohort of 100 patients undergoing cryoablation in this staged strategy, freedom from arrhythmia at 1 year following the last procedure was 72 (75%) of 96, or 70 (73%) of 96 off antiarrhythmic drugs. / Conclusions: In patients with recurrent AF despite PVI, ECGI-guided ablation caused an acute response in a majority with reasonable long-term outcomes.

Type: Article
Title: ECGI targeted ablation for persistent AF not responding to pulmonary vein isolation: Results of a two-staged strategy (TARGET AF2)
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1016/j.hroo.2023.08.004
Publisher version: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hroo.2023.08.004
Language: English
Additional information: Copyright © 2023 Heart Rhythm Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Keywords: ECGI mapping; Persistent AF mechanisms; Noninvasive mapping; Drivers of AF; Ablation of drivers
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Cardiovascular Science
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Cardiovascular Science > Clinical Science
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10179885
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