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Who built the "world's first smart city" of Songdo? Questioning the ICT firms' Leadership in Smart City Development

Huh, Jeongwha; Son, Jung Won; Zhao, Yang; Yang, Seongwon; (2023) Who built the "world's first smart city" of Songdo? Questioning the ICT firms' Leadership in Smart City Development. Eurasian Geography and Economics 10.1080/15387216.2024.2309879. (In press). Green open access

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Abstract

The media often depicts major information and technology (ICT) firms, such as IBM, Google, and Cisco, as the principal driving forces of smart city development. However, we argue that traditional urban development actors, such as real estate developers and national and local governments, play larger roles. ICT firms have limitations as leaders of major smart city development because of two important factors: 1) financially, the ICT budget is merely a small portion of the total greenfield smart city development budget, and 2) the ICT product lifespans are much shorter than that of the built environment. We explain how these two issues cause several practical problems that are obstacles to ICT firms taking charge of major smart city development. To this end, we refer to findings from an in-depth case study of the Songdo International Business District, which some have dubbed “the world’s first smart city,” allegedly built by Cisco.

Type: Article
Title: Who built the "world's first smart city" of Songdo? Questioning the ICT firms' Leadership in Smart City Development
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1080/15387216.2024.2309879
Publisher version: https://doi.org/10.1080/15387216.2024.2309879
Language: English
Additional information: This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher's terms and conditions.
Keywords: Smart city, Songdo international business district, South Korea, building provision structure, role of developer
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of the Built Environment
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of the Built Environment > The Bartlett School of Planning
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10176718
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