Vivekanandam, Vinojini;
Seutterlin, Karen;
Matthews, Emma;
Thornton, John;
Jayaseelan, Dipa;
Shah, Sachit;
Morrow, Jasper M;
... Hanna, Michael G; + view all
(2023)
Muscle MRI in periodic paralysis shows myopathy is common and correlates with intramuscular fat accumulation.
Muscle & Nerve
10.1002/mus.27947.
(In press).
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION/AIMS: The periodic paralyses are muscle channelopathies: hypokalemic periodic paralysis (CACNA1S and SCN4A variants), hyperkalemic periodic paralysis (SCN4A variants), and Andersen-Tawil syndrome (KCNJ2). Both episodic weakness and disabling fixed weakness can occur. Little literature exists on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in muscle channelopathies. We undertake muscle MRI across all subsets of periodic paralysis and correlate with clinical features. METHODS: A total of 45 participants and eight healthy controls were enrolled and underwent T1-weighted and short-tau-inversion-recovery (STIR) MRI imaging of leg muscles. Muscles were scored using the modified Mercuri Scale. RESULTS: A total of 17 patients had CACNA1S variants, 16 SCN4A, and 12 KCNJ2. Thirty-one (69%) had weakness, and 9 (20%) required a gait-aid/wheelchair. A total of 78% of patients had intramuscular fat accumulation on MRI. Patients with SCN4A variants were most severely affected. In SCN4A, the anterior thigh and posterior calf were more affected, in contrast to the posterior thigh and posterior calf in KCNJ2. We identified a pattern of peri-tendinous STIR hyperintensity in nine patients. There were moderate correlations between Mercuri, STIR scores, and age. Intramuscular fat accumulation was seen in seven patients with no fixed weakness. DISCUSSION: We demonstrate a significant burden of disease in patients with periodic paralyses. MRI intramuscular fat accumulation may be helpful in detecting early muscle involvement, particularly in those without fixed weakness. Longitudinal studies are needed to assess the role of muscle MRI in quantifying disease progression over time and as a potential biomarker in clinical trials.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Muscle MRI in periodic paralysis shows myopathy is common and correlates with intramuscular fat accumulation |
| Location: | United States |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1002/mus.27947 |
| Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.1002/mus.27947 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | © 2023 The Authors. Muscle & Nerve published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). |
| Keywords: | MRI, channelopathies, hyperkalemic, hypokalemic, periodic paralysis |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology > Department of Neuromuscular Diseases |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10174577 |
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