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The human vestibular cortex: functional anatomy of OP2, its connectivity and the effect of vestibular disease

Ibitoye, Richard T; Mallas, Emma-Jane; Bourke, Niall J; Kaski, Diego; Bronstein, Adolfo M; Sharp, David J; (2022) The human vestibular cortex: functional anatomy of OP2, its connectivity and the effect of vestibular disease. Cerebral Cortex , 33 (3) pp. 567-582. 10.1093/cercor/bhac085. Green open access

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Abstract

Area OP2 in the posterior peri-sylvian cortex has been proposed to be the core human vestibular cortex. We investigated the functional anatomy of OP2 and adjacent areas (OP2+) using spatially constrained independent component analysis (ICA) of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from the Human Connectome Project. Ten ICA-derived subregions were identified. OP2+ responses to vestibular and visual motion were analyzed in 17 controls and 17 right-sided vestibular neuritis patients who had previously undergone caloric and optokinetic stimulation during fMRI. In controls, a posterior part of right OP2+ showed: (i) direction-selective responses to visual motion and (ii) activation during caloric stimulation that correlated positively with perceived self-motion, and negatively with visual dependence and peak slow-phase nystagmus velocity. Patients showed abnormal OP2+ activity, with an absence of visual or caloric activation of the healthy ear and no correlations with vertigo or visual dependence-despite normal slow-phase nystagmus responses to caloric stimulation. Activity in a lateral part of right OP2+ correlated with chronic visually induced dizziness in patients. In summary, distinct functional subregions of right OP2+ show strong connectivity to other vestibular areas and a profile of caloric and visual responses, suggesting a central role for vestibular function in health and disease.

Type: Article
Title: The human vestibular cortex: functional anatomy of OP2, its connectivity and the effect of vestibular disease
Location: United States
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac085
Publisher version: https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhac085
Language: English
Additional information: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third-party material in this article are included in the Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Keywords: Science & Technology, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Neurosciences, Neurosciences & Neurology, perception, visual, vestibular neuritis, vestibular cortex, INDEPENDENT COMPONENT ANALYSIS, NEURONAL-ACTIVITY, DEFAULT MODE, MOTION, BRAIN, FMRI, RESPONSES, ROBUST, COMPENSATION, PERCEPTION
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology > Clinical and Movement Neurosciences
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10173980
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