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Dopamine Transporter Deficiency Syndrome (DTDS): Expanding the Clinical Phenotype and Precision Medicine Approaches

Ng, Joanne; Barral, Serena; Waddington, Simon N; Kurian, Manju A; (2023) Dopamine Transporter Deficiency Syndrome (DTDS): Expanding the Clinical Phenotype and Precision Medicine Approaches. Cells , 12 (13) , Article 1737. 10.3390/cells12131737. Green open access

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Abstract

Infantile parkinsonism-dystonia due to dopamine transporter deficiency syndrome (DTDS) is an ultrarare childhood movement disorder caused by biallelic loss-of-function mutations in the SLC6A3 gene. Advances in genomic analysis have revealed an evolving spectrum of SLC6A3-related neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. Since the initial clinical and genetic characterisation of DTDS in 2009, there have been thirty-one published cases with a variety of protein-truncating variants (nonsense variants, splice-site changes, and deletions) and missense changes. Amino acid substitutions result in mutant proteins with impaired dopamine transporter function due to reduced transporter activity, impaired dopamine binding, reduced cell-surface expression, and aberrant posttranslational protein modification with impaired glycosylation. In this review, we provide an overview of the expanding clinical phenotype of DTDS and the precision therapies in development, including pharmacochaperones and gene therapy.

Type: Article
Title: Dopamine Transporter Deficiency Syndrome (DTDS): Expanding the Clinical Phenotype and Precision Medicine Approaches
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.3390/cells12131737
Publisher version: https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12131737
Language: English
Additional information: © 2023 by the Authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Keywords: dopamine transporter deficiency syndrome; infantile parkinsonism-dystonia; neurotransmitter; gene therapy; SLC6A3; DAT; iPSC
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > UCL EGA Institute for Womens Health
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > UCL GOS Institute of Child Health
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology > Neurodegenerative Diseases
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > UCL EGA Institute for Womens Health > Maternal and Fetal Medicine
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > UCL GOS Institute of Child Health > Developmental Neurosciences Dept
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10172807
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