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Immune effector cell–associated hematotoxicity: EHA/EBMT consensus grading and best practice recommendations

Rejeski, Kai; Subklewe, Marion; Aljurf, Mahmoud; Bachy, Emmanuel; Balduzzi, Adriana Cristina; Barba, Pere; Bruno, Benedetto; ... Yakoub-Agha, Ibrahim; + view all (2023) Immune effector cell–associated hematotoxicity: EHA/EBMT consensus grading and best practice recommendations. Blood , 142 (10) pp. 865-877. 10.1182/blood.2023020578. Green open access

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Abstract

Hematological toxicity represents the most common adverse event following chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. Cytopenias can be profound, long-lasting, and can predispose for severe infectious complications. In a recent worldwide survey, we demonstrated that there remains considerable heterogeneity in regards to current practice patterns. Here, we sought to build consensus on the grading and management of Immune Effector Cell Associated Hemato-Toxicity (ICAHT) following CAR-T therapy. For this purpose, a joint effort between the European society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) and the European Hematology Association (EHA) involved an international panel of 36 CAR-T experts who met in a series of virtual conferences, culminating in a 2-day meeting in Lille, France. On the basis of these deliberations, best practice recommendations were developed. For the grading of ICAHT, a classification system based on depth and duration of neutropenia was developed for early (day 0-30) and late cytopenia (after day +30). Detailed recommendations on risk factors, available pre-infusion scoring systems (e.g. CAR-HEMATOTOX score), and diagnostic work-up are provided. A further section focuses on identifying hemophagocytosis in the context of severe hematotoxicity. Finally, we review current evidence and provide consensus recommendations for the management of ICAHT, including growth factor support, anti-infectious prophylaxis, transfusions, autologous hematopoietic cell boost, and allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. In conclusion, we propose ICAHT as a novel toxicity category following immune effector cell therapy, provide a framework for its grading, review literature on risk factors, and outline expert recommendations for the diagnostic work-up and short- and long-term management.

Type: Article
Title: Immune effector cell–associated hematotoxicity: EHA/EBMT consensus grading and best practice recommendations
Location: United States
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023020578
Publisher version: https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.2023020578
Language: English
Additional information: This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher's terms and conditions.
Keywords: Hematopoiesis and Stem Cells, Immunobiology and Immunotherapy
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences > Cancer Institute
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences > Cancer Institute > Research Department of Haematology
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10172207
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