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The incidence of Kawasaki disease using hospital admissions data for England 2006-2021

Odingo, Myron; Rutter, Megan; Bowley, Jonathan; Peach, Emily J; Lanyon, Peter C; Grainge, Matthew J; Stillwell, Peter; ... Pearce, Fiona A; + view all (2023) The incidence of Kawasaki disease using hospital admissions data for England 2006-2021. Rheumatology 10.1093/rheumatology/kead051. (In press). Green open access

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To describe the incidence of Kawasaki Disease (kDa) between 2006 and 2021 in England. METHODS: We identified all cases in hospital episode statistics with an ICD-10 diagnostic code M303 (for kDa) between 1 April 2006 - 31 March 2021. We validated 83 diagnoses using hospital medical records and found >97% accuracy. We calculated incidence rate ratios (IRRs) using Poisson regression and assessed the influence of age, sex, ethnicity, and index of multiple deprivation (IMD). We used Office for National Statistics population estimates for England as the denominator. RESULTS: We identified a total of 5908 cases of kDa in all children under the age of 16 (mean age 3.8, SD = 3.2, 95% CI: 3.7-3.9). Incidence in children aged <5 years was 8.9 (95% CI: 8.6-9.2)/100 000 person-years; in children aged 5-9, 2.4 (95% CI: 2.3-2.6)/100 000 person-years; and in children aged 10-15, 0.6 (95% CI: 0.6-0.7). Male: female ratio was 1.5:1. Incidence was higher among non-White than White ethnicities (adjusted IRR 2.1 (2.0-2.2) for Asian, 3.0 (2.8-3.3) for Black and 4.5 (4.2-4.8) for other ethnicities). The incidence increased with socioeconomic deprivation; the adjusted IRR of the least deprived IMD quintile compared with the most deprived quintile was 0.81 (0.77-0.84). CONCLUSIONS: Incidence rates of kDa derived from hospital admission data in England were higher than in studies relying on clinician reporting. We confirm previous findings on the influence of sex, and ethnicity on kDa incidence and observe that there was a higher incidence of kDa within more deprived socioeconomic groups.

Type: Article
Title: The incidence of Kawasaki disease using hospital admissions data for England 2006-2021
Location: England
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kead051
Publisher version: https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/kead051
Language: English
Additional information: This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com
Keywords: Science & Technology, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Rheumatology, Kawasaki disease, epidemiology, paediatric, vasculitis, cardiovascular, LONG-TERM MANAGEMENT, HEALTH-PROFESSIONALS, DIAGNOSIS, STATEMENT, ETHNICITY
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > UCL GOS Institute of Child Health
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > UCL GOS Institute of Child Health > Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Dept
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10171301
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