Mensah, Rosemond A; Salim, Kawther; Peszko, Katarzyna; Diop, Seyta; Wong, Ting HR; Chau, David YS; (2023) The chicken eggshell membrane: a versatile, sustainable, biological material for translational biomedical applications. Biomedical Materials 10.1088/1748-605x/acd316. (In press).

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Abstract

Naturally derived materials are often preferred to than synthetic materials for biomedical applications due to their innate biological characteristics, relative availability, sustainability, and agreement with conscientious end-users. The chicken eggshell membrane (ESM) is an abundant resource with a defined structural profile, chemical composition, and validated morphological and mechanical characteristics. These unique properties have not only allowed the ESM to be exploited within the food industry, but has also led to it be considered for other novel translational applications such as tissue regeneration and replacement, filtration aids and barrier devices, and environmental health engagement. However, challenges still exist in order to enhance the native ESM: the need to improve its mechanical properties, the ability to combine/join fragments of ESM together, and the addition or incorporation of drugs/growth factors to advance its therapeutic capacity. This review article provides a succinct background to the native ESM, its extraction, isolation, and consequent physical, mechanical and biological characterisation including possible approaches to enhancement. Moreover, it also highlights current applications of the ESM in regenerative medicine and hints at future novel applications in which this novel biomaterial could be exploited to beneficial use.

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