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Effects of noise on the accuracy of plasma bulk parameters derived from velocity moments of in-situ observations

Nicolaou, G; (2023) Effects of noise on the accuracy of plasma bulk parameters derived from velocity moments of in-situ observations. Astrophysics and Space Science , 368 (1) , Article 3. 10.1007/s10509-022-04157-z. Green open access

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Abstract

We expose and quantify the inaccuracies of plasma bulk parameters derived from the calculation of velocity moments of noisy in-situ plasma observations. First, we simulate typical solar wind proton plasma observations, obtained by a typical top-hat electrostatic analyzer instrument. We add background noise to the simulated observations and analyze them by applying standard methods to derive the plasma density, speed, and temperature. We then compare the analysis results with the parameters we use to simulate the observations in the first place, in order to quantify the inaccuracies in the calculated plasma parameters as functions of the noise level in the observations. We find that even noise levels that are smaller than 1% of the signal peak, lead to significant inaccuracies in some plasma parameters. The plasma temperature suffers the biggest inaccuracies and the plasma speed the smallest. Our results highlight the importance of removing noise from observations when calculating the moments of the constructed plasma distributions. We finally, evaluate one simple method to remove uniform background noise automatically from measurements, which is useful for future on-board analyses.

Type: Article
Title: Effects of noise on the accuracy of plasma bulk parameters derived from velocity moments of in-situ observations
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1007/s10509-022-04157-z
Publisher version: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10509-022-04157-z
Language: English
Additional information: This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Maths and Physical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Maths and Physical Sciences > Dept of Space and Climate Physics
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10163786
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