Gupta, Rohit;
Asgari, Sahar;
Moazamigoodarzi, Hosein;
Pal, Souvik;
Puri, Ishwar K;
(2020)
Cooling architecture selection for air-cooled Data Centers by minimizing exergy destruction.
Energy
, 201
, Article 117625. 10.1016/j.energy.2020.117625.
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Abstract
Air-cooled Data Centers (DCs) require effective thermal management of the servers which can be accomplished by implementing new cooling architectures. Nearly 33% of overall energy consumption is attributed to the cooling infrastructure, which indicates the importance of the specific cooling configuration. Our objective is to compare four emerging and traditional DC cooling architectures, (a) in-row cooling, (b) rack-mountable cooling (RMC), (c) underfloor air delivery (UFAD), and (d) overhead air delivery. Since a first law-based energy analysis of a DC cooling architecture seldom considers irreversibility and component level inefficiency, an exergy-based analysis provides an alternate basis of assessment. We propose a methodology that combines computational fluid dynamics simulations with thermodynamic energy and exergy balances to determine the exergy loss in different components in DC. A dimensionless parameter is identified to characterize the exergy loss as a function of the Peclet number and the dimensionless dead state temperature ratio. The architecture containing RMC unit has the lowest exergy loss. The chiller loss constitutes up to 55% of the overall exergy loss. This analysis facilitates better decision making and design choices for air-cooled DCs based on minimizing thermodynamic irreversibility to lower energy waste.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Cooling architecture selection for air-cooled Data Centers by minimizing exergy destruction |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.energy.2020.117625 |
| Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2020.117625 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions. |
| Keywords: | Science & Technology, Physical Sciences, Technology, Thermodynamics, Energy & Fuels, Data center, Exergy destruction, Distributed cooling, Energy efficiency, Irreversibility, TURBULENT SHEAR FLOWS, THERMAL MANAGEMENT, ENTROPY PRODUCTION, ENERGY, METRICS |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science > Dept of Mechanical Engineering |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10161276 |
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