Horsfall, Laura;
Clarke, Caroline S;
Nazareth, Irwin;
Ambler, Gareth;
(2022)
The Value of Blood-Based Measures of Liver Function and Urate in Lung Cancer Risk Prediction: A Cohort Study and Health Economic Analysis.
Elsevier BV
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Several studies have reported associations between low-cost blood-based measurements and lung cancer but their role in risk prediction is unclear. We examined the value of expanding lung cancer risk models for targeting low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) to include blood measurements of liver function and urate. METHODS: We analysed a cohort of 388,199 UK Biobank participants with 1,873 events and calculated the c-index and fraction of new information (FNI) for models expanded to include combinations of blood measurements, lung function (forced expiratory volume in 1 second - FEV1), alcohol status and waist circumference. We calculated the hypothetical cost per lung cancer case detected by LDCT for different scenarios using a threshold of ≥ 1.51% risk at 6 years. RESULTS: The c-index was 0.805 (95%CI:0.794-0.816) for the model containing conventional predictors. Expanding to include blood measurements increased the c-index to 0.815 (95%CI: 0.804-0.826;p<0.0001;FNI:0.06). Expanding to include FEV1, alcohol status, and waist circumference increased the c-index to 0.811 (95%CI:0.800-0.822;p<0.0001;FNI:0.04). The c-index for the fully expanded model containing all variables was 0.819 (95%CI:0.808-0.830; p<0.0001;FNI:0.09). Model expansion had a greater impact on the c-index and FNI for people with a history of smoking cigarettes relative to the full cohort. Compared with the conventional risk model, the expanded models reduced the number of participants meeting the criteria for LDCT screening by 15-21%, and lung cancer cases detected by 7-8%. The additional cost per lung cancer case detected relative to the conventional model was £1,018 for the addition of blood tests and £9,775 for the fully expanded model. CONCLUSION: Blood measurements of liver function and urate improved lung cancer risk prediction compared with a model containing conventional risk factors. However, there was no evidence that model expansion would improve the cost per lung cancer case detected in UK health care settings.
| Type: | Working / discussion paper |
|---|---|
| Title: | The Value of Blood-Based Measures of Liver Function and Urate in Lung Cancer Risk Prediction: A Cohort Study and Health Economic Analysis |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.2139/ssrn.4260003 |
| Publisher version: | https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4260003 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions. |
| Keywords: | Screening, Lung cancer, Early detection, Low-dose computed tomography, Epidemiology, Health economic evaluation, UK Biobank |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Epidemiology and Health UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Epidemiology and Health > Primary Care and Population Health |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10160497 |
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