Topriceanu, Constantin-Cristian;
Moon, James C;
Captur, Gabriella;
Perera, Bhathika;
(2022)
The use of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder medications in cardiac disease.
Frontiers in Neuroscience
, 16
, Article 1020961. 10.3389/fnins.2022.1020961.
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Abstract
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with onset usually in childhood characterized by inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity causing a functional impairment. Untreated ADHD, or treatment delay is associated with adverse outcomes and poor quality of life. Although conservative management strategies such as behavioral and psychological interventions are important, pharmacological treatment has a strong evidence base with improved outcomes. ADHD medications are broadly divided into stimulant and non-stimulant medications. Stimulant medications are generally more effective than non-stimulants. Cardiovascular safety of ADHD medication has been a matter of debate for decades. Treatment guidelines advise the careful consideration of risks and benefits in people with cardiovascular diseases such as congenital heart disease or cardiomyopathy. Although stimulants can increase systemic blood pressure and heart rate, no significant associations were found between their use and serious cardiovascular events. Concerns regarding QT effects and attendant sudden cardiac death risks deter clinicians from initiating much-needed ADHD medications in patients with heart disease. This overly cautious approach is potentially depriving low-risk individuals from significant benefits associated with timely ADHD drug treatment. This review discusses the cardiovascular risks reportedly associated with ADHD medications, the evidence base for their safe usage in persons with established cardiovascular disease, and highlights future research directions.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | The use of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder medications in cardiac disease |
| Location: | Switzerland |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.3389/fnins.2022.1020961 |
| Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2022.1020961 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | © 2022 Topriceanu, Moon, Captur and Perera. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
| Keywords: | ADHD (attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder), cardiovascular disease, stimulant medications for ADHD, non-stimulant medications for ADHD, electrocardiogram (ECG), blood pressure, cardiomyopathies, aortopathies |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Cardiovascular Science UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Cardiovascular Science > Population Science and Experimental Medicine UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Cardiovascular Science > Population Science and Experimental Medicine > MRC Unit for Lifelong Hlth and Ageing |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10160320 |
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