Suemoto, Claudia K;
Mukadam, Naaheed;
Brucki, Sonia MD;
Caramelli, Paulo;
Nitrini, Ricardo;
Laks, Jerson;
Livingston, Gill;
(2023)
Risk factors for dementia in Brazil: Differences by region and race.
Alzheimer's & Dementia
, 19
(5)
pp. 1849-1857.
10.1002/alz.12820.
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Abstract
Introduction: Twelve risk factors (RFs) account for 40% of dementia cases worldwide. However, most data for population attributable fractions (PAFs) are from high-income countries (HIC). We estimated how much these RFs account for dementia cases in Brazil, stratifying estimates by race and socioeconomic level. / Methods: We calculated the prevalence and communalities of 12 RFs using 9412 Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging participants, then stratified according to self-reported race and country macro-regions. / Results: The overall weighted PAF was 48.2%. Less education had the largest PAF (7.7%), followed by hypertension (7.6%), and hearing loss (6.8%). PAF was 49.0% and 54.0% in the richest and poorest regions, respectively. PAFs were similar among White and Black individuals (47.8% and 47.2%, respectively) but the importance of the main RF varied by race. / Discussion: Brazil's potential for dementia prevention is higher than in HIC. Education, hypertension, and hearing loss should be priority targets.
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