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Compliance of participants undergoing a ‘5-2’ intermittent fasting diet and impact on body weight

Cook, Florence; Langdon-Daly, Jasmin; Serpell, Lucy; (2022) Compliance of participants undergoing a ‘5-2’ intermittent fasting diet and impact on body weight. Clinical Nutrition ESPEN , 52 pp. 257-261. 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.08.012. Green open access

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Abstract

Background: Intermittent fasting (IF) has grown in popularity as a weight loss tool, where caloric intake is fully/partially restricted on a recurring basis. This study aimed to assess compliance with IF fast-day calorie restriction and whether 5-2 IF leads to reduced overall energy intake, weight loss and compensatory increased energy intake on non-fast days. Method: Participants completed diet diaries at baseline and 28 days post 5-2 IF in a repeated measures within-subjects design. 5-2 IF required restricted energy intake to 500 kcal/day (women), 650 kcal/day (men) on two ‘fast’ days/week whilst eating ad-libitum on other days. Results: 52 participants were included (n = 42 female; age 44 ± 11.2yrs). Median weight loss after 28 days 5–2 IF was not statistically significant (1.8 [-2 - 7.3 IQR = 2.2]kg; 2.8 [-2.7–11.2 IQR = 2.5]%). There was a significant reduction in total energy intake during 5–2 IF compared with pre-diet (median 1288.0 [IQR 423.8]kcal and median 1751.5 [IQR 505.3]kcal respectively, p < 0.001). Carbohydrate, protein and fat consumption proportionately reduced during 5–2 IF. Participants had significantly higher energy intake (p < 0.001) on non-fast days that followed a fast day (1928.4 ± 711.9 kcal) compared to non-fast days not following a fast day (1316.2 ± 310.0 kcal). 55.8% complied with fast day calorie restrictions. Conclusion: 5-2 IF was associated with reduced energy intake, but insignificant weight loss over a 28-day period. Compliance rate was lower than most previous studies. Participants had significantly higher energy intake on non-fast days following fast days suggesting fasting may lead to over-compensation. Further research should investigate strategies to improve compliance and long-term sustainability of IF diets.

Type: Article
Title: Compliance of participants undergoing a ‘5-2’ intermittent fasting diet and impact on body weight
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.08.012
Publisher version: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.08.012
Language: English
Additional information: This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions.
UCL classification: UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > Div of Psychology and Lang Sciences > Clinical, Edu and Hlth Psychology
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > Div of Psychology and Lang Sciences
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10158406
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