Valentina, Mazzotta;
Alessandro, Cozzi Lepri;
Francesca, Colavita;
Silvia, Rosati;
Eleonora, Lalle;
Claudia, Cimaglia;
Jessica, Paulicelli;
... INMI COVID-19 Outpatient Treatment Study Group; + view all
(2022)
Viral load decrease in SARS-CoV-2 BA.1 and BA.2 Omicron sublineages infection after treatment with monoclonal antibodies and direct antiviral agents.
Journal of Medical Virology
10.1002/jmv.28186.
(In press).
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: The efficacy on the Omicron variant of the approved early- coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) therapies, especially monoclonal antibodies, has been challenged by in vitro neutralization data, while data on in vivo antiviral activity are lacking. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We assessed potential decrease from day1 to day7 viral load (VL) in nasopharyngeal swabs of outpatients receiving Sotrovimab, Molnupiravir, Remdesivir, or Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir for mild-to-moderate COVID-19 due to sublineages BA.1 or BA.2, and average treatment effect (ATE) by weighted marginal linear regression models. RESULTS: A total of 521 patients [378 BA.1 (73%),143 (27%) BA.2] received treatments (Sotrovimab 202, Molnupiravir 117, Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir 84, and Remdesivir 118): median age 66 years, 90% vaccinated, median time from symptoms onset 3 days. Day1 mean viral load was 4.12 log2 (4.16 for BA.1 and 4.01 for BA.2). The adjusted analysis showed that Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir significantly reduced VL compared to all the other drugs, except vs. Molnupiravir in BA.2. Molnupiravir was superior to Remdesivir in both BA.1 and BA.2, and to Sotrovimab in BA.2. Sotrovimab had better activity than Remdesivir only against BA.1. CONCLUSIONS: Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir showed the greatest antiviral activity against Omicron variant, comparable to Molnupiravir only in the BA.2 subgroup. VL decrease could be a valuable surrogate of drug activity in the context of the high prevalence of vaccinated people and low probability of hospital admission. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Viral load decrease in SARS-CoV-2 BA.1 and BA.2 Omicron sublineages infection after treatment with monoclonal antibodies and direct antiviral agents |
| Location: | United States |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1002/jmv.28186 |
| Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.28186 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Medical Virology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. |
| Keywords: | BA.1, BA.2., Omicron variant, antiviral agents, monoclonal antibodies, virological efficacy |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute for Global Health > Infection and Population Health UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute for Global Health UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10157517 |
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