Yeoh, Su-Ann; Gianfrancesco, Milena; Lawson-Tovey, Saskia; Hyrich, Kimme L; Strangfeld, Anja; Gossec, Laure; Carmona, Loreto; ... COVID-19 Global Rheumatology Alliance, .; + view all Yeoh, Su-Ann; Gianfrancesco, Milena; Lawson-Tovey, Saskia; Hyrich, Kimme L; Strangfeld, Anja; Gossec, Laure; Carmona, Loreto; Mateus, Elsa F; Schäfer, Martin; Richez, Christophe; Hachulla, Eric; Holmqvist, Marie; Scirè, Carlo Alberto; Lorenz, Hanns-Martin; Voll, Reinhard E; Hasseli, Rebecca; Jayatilleke, Arundathi; Hsu, Tiffany Y-T; D'Silva, Kristin M; Pimentel-Quiroz, Victor R; Vasquez Del Mercado, Monica; Shinjo, Samuel Katsuyuki; Neto, Edgard Torres Dos Reis; Junior, Laurindo Ferreira da Rocha; de Oliveira E Silva Montandon, Ana Carolina; Pons-Estel, Guillermo J; Ornella, Sofía; D'Angelo Exeni, Maria Eugenia; Velozo, Edson; Jordan, Paula; Sirotich, Emily; Hausmann, Jonathan S; Liew, Jean W; Jacobsohn, Lindsay; Gore-Massy, Monique; Sufka, Paul; Grainger, Rebecca; Bhana, Suleman; Wallace, Zachary; Robinson, Philip C; Yazdany, Jinoos; Machado, Pedro M; COVID-19 Global Rheumatology Alliance, .; - view fewer (2022) Factors associated with severe COVID-19 in people with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy: results from the COVID-19 Global Rheumatology Alliance physician-reported registry. RMD Open , 8 (2) , Article e002508. 10.1136/rmdopen-2022-002508.

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Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To investigate factors associated with severe COVID-19 in people with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM). METHODS: Demographic data, clinical characteristics and COVID-19 outcome severity of adults with IIM were obtained from the COVID-19 Global Rheumatology Alliance physician-reported registry. A 3-point ordinal COVID-19 severity scale was defined: (1) no hospitalisation, (2) hospitalisation (and no death) and (3) death. ORs were estimated using multivariable ordinal logistic regression. Sensitivity analyses were performed using a 4-point ordinal scale: (1) no hospitalisation, (2) hospitalisation with no oxygen (and no death), (3) hospitalisation with oxygen/ventilation (and no death) and 4) death. RESULTS: Of 348 patients, 48% were not hospitalised, 39% were hospitalised (and did not die) and 13% died. Older age (OR=1.59/decade, 95% CI 1.31 to 1.91), high disease activity (OR=3.50, 95% CI 1.25 to 9.83; vs remission), ≥2 comorbidities (OR=2.63, 95% CI 1.39 to 4.98; vs none), prednisolone-equivalent dose >7.5 mg/day (OR=2.40, 95% CI 1.09 to 5.28; vs no intake) and exposure to rituximab (OR=2.71, 95% CI 1.28 to 5.72; vs conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs only) were independently associated with severe COVID-19. In addition to these variables, in the sensitivity analyses, male sex (OR range: 1.65-1.83; vs female) was also significantly associated with severe outcomes, while COVID-19 diagnosis after 1 October 2020 (OR range: 0.51-0.59; vs on/before 15 June 2020) was significantly associated with less severe outcomes, but these associations were not significant in the main model (OR=1.57, 95% CI 0.95 to 2.59; and OR=0.61, 95% CI 0.37 to 1.00; respectively). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first large registry data on outcomes of COVID-19 in people with IIM. Older age, male sex, higher comorbidity burden, high disease activity, prednisolone-equivalent dose >7.5 mg/day and rituximab exposure were associated with severe COVID-19. These findings will enable risk stratification and inform management decisions for patients with IIM.

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