Thompson, Ellen J;
Williams, Dylan M;
Walker, Alex J;
Mitchell, Ruth E;
Niedzwiedz, Claire L;
Yang, Tiffany C;
Huggins, Charlotte F;
... Steves, Claire J; + view all
(2022)
Long COVID burden and risk factors in 10 UK longitudinal studies and electronic health records.
Nature Communications
, 13
(1)
, Article 3528. 10.1038/s41467-022-30836-0.
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Abstract
The frequency of, and risk factors for, long COVID are unclear among community-based individuals with a history of COVID-19. To elucidate the burden and possible causes of long COVID in the community, we coordinated analyses of survey data from 6907 individuals with self-reported COVID-19 from 10 UK longitudinal study (LS) samples and 1.1 million individuals with COVID-19 diagnostic codes in electronic healthcare records (EHR) collected by spring 2021. Proportions of presumed COVID-19 cases in LS reporting any symptoms for 12+ weeks ranged from 7.8% and 17% (with 1.2 to 4.8% reporting debilitating symptoms). Increasing age, female sex, white ethnicity, poor pre-pandemic general and mental health, overweight/obesity, and asthma were associated with prolonged symptoms in both LS and EHR data, but findings for other factors, such as cardio-metabolic parameters, were inconclusive.
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