Brinkley, Tina E;
Leng, Iris;
Register, Thomas C;
Neth, Bryan J;
Zetterberg, Henrik;
Blennow, Kaj;
Craft, Suzanne;
(2022)
Changes in Adiposity and Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers Following a Modified Mediterranean Ketogenic Diet in Older Adults at Risk for Alzheimer's Disease.
Frontiers in Neuroscience
, 16
, Article 906539. 10.3389/fnins.2022.906539.
Preview |
Text
Zetterberg_Changes in Adiposity and Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers Following a Modified Mediterranean Ketogenic Diet in Older Adults at Risk for Alzheimer's Disease_VoR.pdf - Published Version Download (286kB) | Preview |
Abstract
Background: Ketogenic diets have been used to treat both obesity and neurological disorders, including epilepsy and more recently Alzheimer's disease (AD), likely due to favorable effects on both central and peripheral metabolism. Improvements in body composition have also been reported; however, it is unclear if diet-induced changes in adiposity are related to improvements in AD and related neuropathology. Purpose: We examined the effects of a Modified Mediterranean Ketogenic (MMK) diet vs. an American Heart Association (AHA) diet on body weight, body composition, and body fat distribution and their association with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers in older adults at risk for AD. Methods: Twenty adults (mean age: 64.3 ± 6.3 years, 35% Black, 75% female) were randomly assigned to a crossover trial starting with either the MMK or AHA diet for 6 weeks, followed by a 6-week washout and then the opposite diet for 6 weeks. At baseline and after each diet adiposity was assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and CSF biomarkers were measured. Linear mixed effect models were used to examine the effect of diet on adiposity. Spearman correlations were examined to assess associations between adiposity and CSF biomarkers. Results: At baseline there was a high prevalence of overweight/obesity and central adiposity, and higher visceral fat and lower peripheral fat were associated with an adverse CSF biomarker profile. The MMK and AHA diets led to similar improvements in body composition and body fat distribution. Significant correlations were found between changes in adiposity and changes in CSF biomarkers (r's = 0.63-0.92, p's < 0.05), with notable differences by diet. Decreases in body fat on the MMK diet were related to changes in Aβ biomarkers, whereas decreases in body fat on the AHA diet were related to changes in tau biomarkers and cholinesterase activity. Interestingly, increases in CSF Aβ on the MMK diet occurred in those with less fat loss. Conclusion: An MMK diet leads to favorable changes in body composition, body fat distribution, and CSF biomarkers. Our data suggest that modest weight loss that maximizes visceral fat loss and preserves peripheral fat, may have the greatest impact on brain health. Clinical Trial Registration: [www.ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [NCT02984540].
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Changes in Adiposity and Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers Following a Modified Mediterranean Ketogenic Diet in Older Adults at Risk for Alzheimer's Disease |
| Location: | Switzerland |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.3389/fnins.2022.906539 |
| Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2022.906539 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third-party material in this article are included in the Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
| Keywords: | CSF biomarkers, adiposity, ketogenic diet, mild cognitive impairment, prediabetes, subjective memory complaints |
| UCL classification: | UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology > Neurodegenerative Diseases UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10150950 |
Archive Staff Only
 |
View Item |
