Madjedi, Kian M; Stuart, Kelsey V; Chua, Sharon YL; Luben, Robert N; Warwick, Alasdair; Pasquale, Louis R; Kang, Jae H; ... Modifiable Risk Factors for Glaucoma Collaboration and the UK Bi; + view all Madjedi, Kian M; Stuart, Kelsey V; Chua, Sharon YL; Luben, Robert N; Warwick, Alasdair; Pasquale, Louis R; Kang, Jae H; Wiggs, Janey L; Lentjes, Marleen AH; Aschard, Hugues; Sattar, Naveed; Foster, Paul J; Khawaja, Anthony P; Modifiable Risk Factors for Glaucoma Collaboration and the UK Bi; - view fewer (2022) The association between serum lipids and intraocular pressure in two large UK cohorts. Ophthalmology , 129 (9) pp. 986-996. 10.1016/j.ophtha.2022.04.023.

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Abstract

PURPOSE: Serum lipids are modifiable, routinely collected blood tests associated with cardiovascular health. We examined the association of commonly collected serum lipid measures (total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) and triglycerides (TG)) with intraocular pressure (IOP). DESIGN: Cross-sectional study in the UK Biobank and EPIC-Norfolk cohorts. PARTICIPANTS: We included 94 323 participants of UK Biobank (mean age 57 years) and 6 230 participants of EPIC-Norfolk (mean age 68 years) with data on TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, TG collected between 2006-2009. METHODS: Multivariable linear regression adjusting for demographic, lifestyle, anthropometric, medical and ophthalmic covariables was used to examine the associations of serum lipids with IOPcc. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: IOPcc. RESULTS: Higher levels of TC, HDL-C and LDL-C were independently associated with higher IOPcc in both cohorts after adjustment for key demographic, medical and lifestyle factors. For each standard deviation increase in TC, HDL-C, and LDL-C, IOPcc (mmHg) was higher by 0.09 (95% CI: 0.06-0.11; P<0.001), 0.11 (95% CI 0.08-0.13; P<0.001), 0.07 (95% CI: 0.05-0.09, P<0.001), respectively in the UK Biobank cohort. In the EPIC-Norfolk cohort, each additional standard deviation in TC, HDL-C, and LDL-C was associated with a higher IOPcc (mmHg) by 0.19 (95% CI 0.07-0.31, P=0.001), 0.14 (95% CI 0.03-0.25, P=0.016), and 0.17 (95% CI 0.06-0.29, P=0.003). An inverse association between TGs and IOP in the UK Biobank (-0.05, 95% CI -0.08 to -0.03, P<0.001) was not replicated in the EPIC cohort (P=0.30). CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that serum TC, HDL-C and LDL-C are positively associated with IOP in two UK cohorts and TGs may be negatively associated. Future research is required to assess whether these associations are causal in nature.

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