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Practical Approaches to the Treatment of Neonatal Seizures

Chalia, Maria; Hartmann, Hans; Pressler, Ronit; (2022) Practical Approaches to the Treatment of Neonatal Seizures. Current Treatment Options in Neurology , 24 pp. 111-127. 10.1007/s11940-022-00711-w. Green open access

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Abstract

Purpose of review: This paper critically reviews the current literature and evidence on diagnosis, classification, clinical approach, and management of neonatal seizures. A stepwise approach for the treatment of neonatal seizures is presented. Recent findings: In a recent randomized controlled trial comparing phenobarbital to levetiracetam as a first-choice anti-seizure medication with primary outcome seizure free for 24 h, the former was found superior (80% vs 28%, p < 0.001). Summary: Neonatal seizures require immediate diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. Phenobarbital is the first-line anti-seizure drug for neonatal seizures, but there is little evidence regarding second-line pharmacotherapy. There is a need for more randomized controlled trials for the use of other existing anti-seizure drugs, yet unlicensed in neonates, and the development of new drugs specifically for neonates.

Type: Article
Title: Practical Approaches to the Treatment of Neonatal Seizures
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1007/s11940-022-00711-w
Publisher version: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11940-022-00711-w
Language: English
Additional information: This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions.
Keywords: Science & Technology, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Clinical Neurology, Neurosciences & Neurology, Seizures, Neonate, Anti-seizure treatment, Electroencephalogram, HYPOXIC-ISCHEMIC ENCEPHALOPATHY, PYRIDOXINE-DEPENDENT EPILEPSY, INDUCED CELL-DEATH, ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS, OPEN-LABEL, STATUS EPILEPTICUS, BRAIN-INJURY, LEVETIRACETAM, EEG, HYPOTHERMIA
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > UCL GOS Institute of Child Health > Developmental Neurosciences Dept
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > UCL GOS Institute of Child Health
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10148551
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