Azharuddin, Mohammad;
Zhu, Geyunjian Harry;
Sengupta, Anirban;
Hinkula, Jorma;
Slater, Nigel KH;
Patra, Hirak K;
(2022)
Nano toolbox in immune modulation and nanovaccines.
Trends in Biotechnology
10.1016/j.tibtech.2022.03.011.
(In press).
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Abstract
Despite the great success of vaccines over two centuries, the conventional strategy is based on attenuated/altered microorganisms. However, this is not effective for all microbes and often fails to elicit a protective immune response, and sometimes poses unexpected safety risks. The expanding nano toolbox may overcome some of the roadblocks in vaccine development given the plethora of unique nanoparticle (NP)-based platforms that can successfully induce specific immune responses leading to exciting and novel solutions. Nanovaccines necessitate a thorough understanding of the immunostimulatory effect of these nanotools. We present a comprehensive description of strategies in which nanotools have been used to elicit an immune response and provide a perspective on how nanotechnology can lead to future personalized nanovaccines.
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