Cole, Alice;
Thomas, Rhys;
Goldman, Nina;
Howell, Kevin;
Chakravarty, Kuntal;
Denton, Christopher P;
Ong, Voon H;
(2022)
Diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis following SARS-Co V-2 vaccination.
Journal of Autoimmunity
, 128
, Article 102812. 10.1016/j.jaut.2022.102812.
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Abstract
The largest world-wide vaccination rollout ever is currently underway to tackle the covid-19 pandemic. We report a case of diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis (SSc) in a 70-year-old male with rapidly progressive skin thickening which developed two weeks after receiving the first dose of the ChAdOx1 nCOV-19 vaccine. As the onset of SSc skin was in close temporal proximity to the administration of the first dose vaccine with no other triggers, we suspected a possible adverse reaction to the ChAdOx1 nCOV-19 vaccine. We hypothesise that the recombinant adenoviral vector encoding the spike protein antigen of SARS-CoV-2 triggered an unexpected immune activation resulting in an atypical presentation of late-onset SSc, within the well-recognised ANA positive, ENA negative subgroup of patients.We review the possible mechanisms underlying autoimmunity when provoked by vaccination and other published rheumatological phenomenon occurring shortly after COVID vaccination.
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