Choi, Hwa Jung;
Schoeni, Robert F;
Steptoe, Andrew;
Cho, Tsai-Chin;
Langa, Kenneth M;
(2022)
Differential Trends in Disability Among Rich and Poor Adults in the United States and England From 2002 to 2016.
Journal of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences
, 77
(S2)
S189-S198.
10.1093/geronb/gbac029.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Disability in the US has not improved in recent decades. Comparing temporal trends in disability prevalence across different income groups, both within and between the US and England, would inform public policy aimed at reducing disparities in disability. METHODS: Using the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA), we estimated annual percent change from 2002 to 2016 in disability among community dwelling adults (197,021 person-years of observations). Disability was defined based on self-report of limitations with five instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) and six activities of daily living (ADLs). We examined the trends by age and income quintile and adjusted for individual-level sociodemographic status and survey design. RESULTS: The adjusted annual percent change (AAPC) in disability prevalence declined significantly in both countries for ages 75 and older during 2002--2016. For ages 55-64 and 65-74, disability prevalence was unchanged in the US but declined in England. Both countries experienced a widening gap in disability between low- and high-income adults among the younger age groups. For example, for those ages 55-64 in each country, there was no significant improvement in disability for the low-income group but a significant improvement for the high-income group (AAPC=-3.60 95% CI [-6.57,-0.63] for the US; AAPC=-6.06 95% CI [-8.77,-3.35] for England). DISCUSSION: Improvements in disability were more widespread in England than in the US between 2002 and 2016. In both countries, the disparity in disability between low- and high-income adults widened for middle-aged adults. Policies targeted at preventing disability among low-income adults should be a priority in both countries.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Differential Trends in Disability Among Rich and Poor Adults in the United States and England From 2002 to 2016 |
| Location: | United States |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1093/geronb/gbac029 |
| Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbac029 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions. |
| Keywords: | ADL limitation, Disability trend, Health disparity, IADL limitation, US-England comparison |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Epidemiology and Health > Behavioural Science and Health UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Epidemiology and Health UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10144537 |
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