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Web-Based Structured Education for Type 2 Diabetes: Interdisciplinary User-Centered Design Approach

Poduval, S; Ross, J; Pal, K; Newhouse, N; Hamilton, F; Murray, E; (2022) Web-Based Structured Education for Type 2 Diabetes: Interdisciplinary User-Centered Design Approach. JMIR Human Factors , 9 (1) , Article e31567. 10.2196/31567. Green open access

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Digital health research encompasses methods from human-computer interaction and health research. OBJECTIVE: This paper aims to describe how these methods were combined to develop HeLP-Diabetes: Starting Out, a web-based structured education program for people newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. METHODS: The development process consisted of three phases: initial design for effectiveness, optimization for usability, and in the wild testing in the National Health Service with people newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, and further revisions. We adopted an iterative user-centered approach and followed steps from the human-computer interaction design life cycle and the Medical Research Council guidelines on developing and evaluating complex interventions. RESULTS: The initial design process resulted in an 8-session program containing information and behavior change techniques targeting weight loss, being more active, and taking medication. The usability testing was highlighted at an early stage, where changes needed to be made to the language and layout of the program. The in the wild testing provided data on uptake of and barriers to use. The study suggested low uptake and completion of the program, but those who used it seemed to benefit from it. The qualitative findings suggested that barriers to use included an expectation that the program would take too long. This informed refinements to the program. CONCLUSIONS: The use of interdisciplinary methods resulted in an iterative development process and refinements to the program that were based on user needs and data on uptake. The final intervention was more suitable for a definitive evaluation than the initial version. The description of our approach informs other digital health researchers on how to make interventions more sensitive to user needs.

Type: Article
Title: Web-Based Structured Education for Type 2 Diabetes: Interdisciplinary User-Centered Design Approach
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.2196/31567
Publisher version: http://doi.org/10.2196/31567
Language: English
Additional information: ©Shoba Poduval, Jamie Ross, Kingshuk Pal, Nikki Newhouse, Fiona Hamilton, Elizabeth Murray. Originally published in JMIR Human Factors. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Keywords: type 2 diabetes (43); patient self-management (1); diabetes education (3); primary care (54); digital health (270)
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Epidemiology and Health
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Epidemiology and Health > Primary Care and Population Health
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10141989
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