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Intersectional tension: a qualitative study of the effects of the COVID-19 response on survivors of violence against women in urban India

Huq, M; Das, T; Devakumar, D; Daruwalla, N; Osrin, D; (2021) Intersectional tension: a qualitative study of the effects of the COVID-19 response on survivors of violence against women in urban India. BMJ Open , 11 (9) , Article e050381. 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050381. Green open access

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Abstract

OBJECTIVES: There is a concern worldwide that efforts to address the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic have affected the frequency and intensity of domestic violence against women. Residents of urban informal settlements faced particularly stringent conditions during the response in India. Counsellors spoke with registered survivors of domestic violence in Mumbai, with two objectives: to understand how the pandemic and subsequent lockdown had changed their needs and experiences, and to recommend programmatic responses. DESIGN: Qualitative interviews and framework analysis. SETTING: A non-government support programme for survivors of violence against women, providing services mainly for residents of informal settlements. PARTICIPANTS: During follow-up telephone counselling with survivors of violence against women who had previously registered for support and consented to the use of information in research, counsellors took verbal consent for additional questions about the effects of COVID-19 on their daily life, their ability to speak with someone, and their counselling preferences. Responses were recorded as written notes. RESULTS: The major concerns of 586 clients interviewed between April and July 2020 were meeting basic needs (financial stress, interrupted livelihoods and food insecurity), confinement in small homes (family tensions and isolation with abusers) and limited mobility (power imbalances in the home and lack of opportunity for disclosure and stress relief). A major source of stress was the increased burden of unpaid domestic care, which fell largely on women. CONCLUSION: The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the burden of poverty and gendered unpaid care. Finance and food security are critical considerations for future response, which should consider inequality, financial support, prioritising continued availability of services for survivors of violence and expanding access to social networks. Decision-makers must be aware of the gendered, intersectional effects of interventions and must include residents of informal settlements who are survivors of domestic violence in the planning and implementation of public health strategies.

Type: Article
Title: Intersectional tension: a qualitative study of the effects of the COVID-19 response on survivors of violence against women in urban India
Location: England
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050381
Publisher version: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050381
Language: English
Keywords: COVID-19, mental health, public health, qualitative research
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute for Global Health
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10135829
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