Mahin, J;
Franck, CO;
Fanslau, L;
Patra, HK;
Mantle, MD;
Fruk, L;
Torrente-Murciano, L;
(2021)
Green, scalable, low cost and reproducible flow synthesis of biocompatible PEG-functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles.
Reaction Chemistry & Engineering
10.1039/d1re00239b.
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Abstract
Functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles are of great interest for multiple biomedical applications. However, it remains a considerable challenge to manufacture these nanoparticles reproducibly on a large scale with the appropriate surface coating to render them completely stable and biocompatible. To overcome this problem, a novel combination of synthesis and functionalization using modular microreactor systems is presented here, avoiding the need of intermediate ligand exchange steps. Continuous flow technology enables reproducible synthesis of bare iron oxide nanoparticles (7 ± 2 nm) in water under mild conditions, in tandem with extremely fast and efficient functionalization with a custom heterobifunctional PEG stabilizer. The nanoparticles can be easily derivatized with any molecule of interest through simple amide coupling, demonstrating their capacity to act as a versatile platform for biomedical applications. The produced iron oxide nanoparticles are fully biocompatible based on a LDH cytotoxicity assay, highly stable in various biologically relevant media and suitable for T2 MRI contrast applications (r1 = 1.44 mM−1 s−1, r2 = 272 mM−1 s−1). A full cost analysis reveals the commercial viability of the process, with a total cost as low as £ 506 g−1, demonstrating the potential of this modular approach to enable the large-scale deployment of functionalized nanomaterials in real world applications.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Green, scalable, low cost and reproducible flow synthesis of biocompatible PEG-functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1039/d1re00239b |
| Publisher version: | http://doi.org/10.1039/d1re00239b |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
| Keywords: | Science & Technology, Physical Sciences, Technology, Chemistry, Multidisciplinary, Engineering, Chemical, Chemistry, Engineering, SIZED SILVER NANOPARTICLES, MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES, CONTRAST AGENTS, COPRECIPITATION SYNTHESIS, MRI, STABILIZATION, NANOMATERIALS, PEGYLATION, LIGANDS |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences > Div of Surgery and Interventional Sci UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences > Div of Surgery and Interventional Sci > Department of Surgical Biotechnology |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10133065 |
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