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Green, scalable, low cost and reproducible flow synthesis of biocompatible PEG-functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles

Mahin, J; Franck, CO; Fanslau, L; Patra, HK; Mantle, MD; Fruk, L; Torrente-Murciano, L; (2021) Green, scalable, low cost and reproducible flow synthesis of biocompatible PEG-functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles. Reaction Chemistry & Engineering 10.1039/d1re00239b. Green open access

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Abstract

Functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles are of great interest for multiple biomedical applications. However, it remains a considerable challenge to manufacture these nanoparticles reproducibly on a large scale with the appropriate surface coating to render them completely stable and biocompatible. To overcome this problem, a novel combination of synthesis and functionalization using modular microreactor systems is presented here, avoiding the need of intermediate ligand exchange steps. Continuous flow technology enables reproducible synthesis of bare iron oxide nanoparticles (7 ± 2 nm) in water under mild conditions, in tandem with extremely fast and efficient functionalization with a custom heterobifunctional PEG stabilizer. The nanoparticles can be easily derivatized with any molecule of interest through simple amide coupling, demonstrating their capacity to act as a versatile platform for biomedical applications. The produced iron oxide nanoparticles are fully biocompatible based on a LDH cytotoxicity assay, highly stable in various biologically relevant media and suitable for T2 MRI contrast applications (r1 = 1.44 mM−1 s−1, r2 = 272 mM−1 s−1). A full cost analysis reveals the commercial viability of the process, with a total cost as low as £ 506 g−1, demonstrating the potential of this modular approach to enable the large-scale deployment of functionalized nanomaterials in real world applications.

Type: Article
Title: Green, scalable, low cost and reproducible flow synthesis of biocompatible PEG-functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1039/d1re00239b
Publisher version: http://doi.org/10.1039/d1re00239b
Language: English
Additional information: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Keywords: Science & Technology, Physical Sciences, Technology, Chemistry, Multidisciplinary, Engineering, Chemical, Chemistry, Engineering, SIZED SILVER NANOPARTICLES, MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES, CONTRAST AGENTS, COPRECIPITATION SYNTHESIS, MRI, STABILIZATION, NANOMATERIALS, PEGYLATION, LIGANDS
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences > Div of Surgery and Interventional Sci
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences > Div of Surgery and Interventional Sci > Department of Surgical Biotechnology
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10133065
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