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Histological analysis of fat grafting with platelet-rich plasma for diabetic foot ulcers—A randomised controlled trial

Nolan, GS; Smith, OJ; Heavey, S; Jell, G; Mosahebi, A; (2021) Histological analysis of fat grafting with platelet-rich plasma for diabetic foot ulcers—A randomised controlled trial. International Wound Journal 10.1111/iwj.13640. (In press). Green open access

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Abstract

Diabetic foot ulcers are often unresponsive to conventional therapy and are a leading cause of amputation. Animal studies have shown stem cells and growth factors can accelerate wound healing. Adipose-derived stem cells are found in fat grafts and mixing them with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) may improve graft survival. This study aimed to establish the histological changes when diabetic foot ulcers are treated with fat grafts and PRP. A three-armed RCT was undertaken of 18 diabetic foot ulcer patients: fat grafting; fat grafting with PRP; and routine podiatry care. Biopsies were obtained at week 0, 1, and 4, and underwent quantitative histology/immunohistochemistry (H&E, CD31, and Ki67). Treatment with fat and PRP increased mean microvessel density at 1 week to 1645 (SD 96) microvessels/mm2 (+32%-45% to other arms, P =.035). PRP appeared to increase vascularity surrounding fat grafts, and histology suggested PRP may enhance fat graft survival. There was no clinical difference between arms. This study demonstrates PRP with fat grafts increased neovascularisation and graft survival in diabetic foot ulcers. The histology was not, however, correlated with wound healing time. Future studies should consider using apoptosis markers and fluorescent labelling to ascertain if enhanced fat graft survival is due to proliferation or reduced apoptosis. Trial registration NCT03085550.

Type: Article
Title: Histological analysis of fat grafting with platelet-rich plasma for diabetic foot ulcers—A randomised controlled trial
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1111/iwj.13640
Publisher version: https://doi.org/10.1111/iwj.13640
Language: English
Additional information: © 2021 The Authors. International Wound Journal published by Medicalhelplines.com Inc (3M) and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences > Div of Surgery and Interventional Sci
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences > Div of Surgery and Interventional Sci > Department of Surgical Biotechnology
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences > Div of Surgery and Interventional Sci > Department of Targeted Intervention
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10130828
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