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Kinetics-based design of a flow platform for highly reproducible on demand synthesis of gold nanoparticles with controlled size between 50 and 150 nm and their application in SERS and PIERS sensing

Panariello, L; Chuen To, K; Khan, Z; Wu, G; Gkogkos, G; Damilos, S; Parkin, IP; (2021) Kinetics-based design of a flow platform for highly reproducible on demand synthesis of gold nanoparticles with controlled size between 50 and 150 nm and their application in SERS and PIERS sensing. Chemical Engineering Journal , 423 , Article 129069. 10.1016/j.cej.2021.129069. Green open access

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Abstract

Seeded-growth synthetic protocols enable precise control of particle size and shape, crucial for many sensing applications. However, scaling-up these syntheses in a reproducible way is challenging, as minimal variation in process parameters such as seed size, concentration or reaction temperature can significantly alter the final product. Flow reactors enable tight control in the process parameters and high reproducibility of the synthesis, representing a potential technology to perform seeded-growth syntheses in large scale. This work reports the design of a flow platform for the controlled synthesis of spherical gold nanoparticles with size up to 150nm through a seeded-growth approach, and their use in Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) and Photoinduced Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (PIERS). The particle growth kinetics were studied via in situ time-resolved UV–Vis spectroscopy. The spectroscopic data were fitted with a kinetic model, which was subsequently used for the design of the reactor. The kinetics-based design approach enabled fast translation of the growth synthesis in flow, eventually allowing the on demand flow synthesis of particles with controllable size, ranging from 50 to 150nm, with high reproducibility and full precursor conversion. The particles were tested for SERS and PIERS for different substrates, including warfare agents and biomolecules, with enhancement factors between 103 and 108 depending on the analyte, demonstrating their potential for detection of various analytes.

Type: Article
Title: Kinetics-based design of a flow platform for highly reproducible on demand synthesis of gold nanoparticles with controlled size between 50 and 150 nm and their application in SERS and PIERS sensing
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2021.129069
Publisher version: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2021.129069
Language: English
Additional information: This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions.
Keywords: Gold nanoparticles, Flow chemistry, Kinetics, Reactor design, SERS, Sensing
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science > Dept of Chemical Engineering
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Maths and Physical Sciences
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10130218
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