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Longitudinal genotype-phenotype analysis in 86 PAX6-related aniridia patients

Kit, V; Lima Cunha, D; Hagag, AM; Moosajee, M; (2021) Longitudinal genotype-phenotype analysis in 86 PAX6-related aniridia patients. JCI Insight , 6 (14) , Article e148406. 10.1172/jci.insight.148406. Green open access

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Abstract

Aniridia is most commonly caused by haploinsufficiency of the PAX6 gene, characterised by variable iris and foveal hypoplasia, nystagmus, cataracts, glaucoma and aniridia related keratopathy (ARK). Genotype-phenotype correlations have previously been described, however detailed longitudinal studies of aniridia are less commonly reported. We identified eighty-six patients from sixty-two unrelated families with molecularly confirmed heterozygous PAX6 variants from a United Kingdom (UK)-based single-centre ocular genetics service. They were categorised into mutation groups and retrospective review of baseline to most recent clinical characteristics (ocular and systemic) were recorded. One hundred and seventy-two eyes were evaluated, with a mean follow up period of 16.3 ± 12.7 years. Nystagmus was recorded in 87.2%, and foveal hypoplasia in 75%. Cataracts were diagnosed in 70.3%, glaucoma in 20.6% and ARK in 68.6% of eyes. Prevalence, age of diagnosis and surgical intervention varied amongst mutation groups. Overall, the missense mutation sub-group had the mildest phenotype, and surgically naïve eyes maintained better visual acuity. Systemic evaluation identified type 2 diabetes in 12.8%, which is twice the UK prevalence. This is the largest longitudinal study of aniridia in the United Kingdom, providing insights into prognostic indicators for patients and guiding clinical management of both ocular and systemic features.

Type: Article
Title: Longitudinal genotype-phenotype analysis in 86 PAX6-related aniridia patients
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.148406
Publisher version: https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.148406
Language: English
Additional information: © 2021 Kit et al. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > Institute of Ophthalmology
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10129415
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