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Effect of root canal irrigant (sodium hypochlorite & saline) delivery at different temperatures and durations on pre-load and cyclic-loading surface-strain of anatomically different premolars

Gulabivala, K; Azam, I; Mahdavi-Izadi, S; Palmer, G; Georgiou, G; Knowles, J; Ng, YL; (2021) Effect of root canal irrigant (sodium hypochlorite & saline) delivery at different temperatures and durations on pre-load and cyclic-loading surface-strain of anatomically different premolars. Journal of The Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials , 121 , Article 104640. 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104640. Green open access

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Abstract

Aim: To evaluate the effect of NaOCl (5%) and saline (control) irrigant delivery at different temperatures and durations on pre-load and cyclic-loading tooth-surface-strain (TSS) on anatomically different premolars. Methodology: Single-rooted premolars (n = 36), root-canal-prepared in standard manner, were randomly allocated to six irrigation groups: (A1) NaOCl-21 °C; (A2) NaOCl-60 °C; (A3) saline-21 °C then NaOCl-21 °C; (A4) saline-60 °C then NaOCl-21 °C; (A5) saline-21 °C then NaOCl-60 °C; (A6) saline-60 °C then NaOCl-60 °C. A1-2 received nine 10-min irrigation periods (IP) with NaOCl; A3-6 received nine 10-min IP with saline, followed by 9 IP with NaOCl at different temperature combinations. Premolars (n = 56) with single, fused or double roots prepared by standard protocol, were stratified and randomly allocated to: (B1) saline-21 °C; (B2) saline-80 °C; (B3) NaOCl-21 °C; (B4) NaOCl-80 °C. TSS (μє) was recorded pre-irrigation, post-irrigation and pre-load for each IP and during cyclic loading 2 min after each IP, over 30–274 min, using strain-gauges. Generalised linear mixed models were used for analysis. Results: Baseline TSS in double-rooted premolars was significantly (p=0.001) lower than in single/fused-rooted-premolars; and affected by mesial-wall-thickness (p=0.005). There was significant increase in loading-TSS (μє) after NaOCl-21 °C irrigation (p=0.01) but decrease after NaOCl-60 °C irrigation (p=0.001). TSS also increased significantly (p = 0.005) after Saline-80 °C irrigation. Pre-load “strain-shift” was noted only upon first saline delivery but every-time with NaOCl. Strain-shift negatively influenced loading-TSS after saline or NaOCl irrigation (A3-6) but was only significant for saline-21 °C. Conclusions: Tooth anatomy significantly affected its strain characteristics, exhibiting limits within which strain changes occurred. Intra-canal introduction of saline or NaOCl caused non-random strain shifts without loading. Irrigation with NaOCl-21 °C increased loading tooth strain, as did saline-80 °C or NaOCl-80 °C but NaOCl-60 °C decreased it. A “chain-link” model was proposed to explain the findings and tooth biomechanics.

Type: Article
Title: Effect of root canal irrigant (sodium hypochlorite & saline) delivery at different temperatures and durations on pre-load and cyclic-loading surface-strain of anatomically different premolars
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104640
Publisher version: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104640
Language: English
Additional information: This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions.
Keywords: Tooth surface strain, Sodium hypochlorite, Saline, Irrigant temperature, Pre-load strain, Cyclic loading strain
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences > Eastman Dental Institute
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences > Eastman Dental Institute > Biomaterials and Tissue Eng
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences > Eastman Dental Institute > Restorative Dental Sciences
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10129192
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