Lane, CA;
Barnes, J;
Nicholas, JM;
Baker, JW;
Sudre, CH;
Cash, DM;
Parker, TD;
... Schott, JM; + view all
(2021)
Investigating the relationship between BMI across adulthood and late life brain pathologies.
Alzheimer's Research and Therapy
, 13
(1)
, Article 91. 10.1186/s13195-021-00830-7.
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Abstract
Background: In view of reported associations between high adiposity, particularly in midlife and late-life dementia risk, we aimed to determine associations between body mass index (BMI), and BMI changes across adulthood and brain structure and pathology at age 69–71 years. / Methods: Four hundred sixty-five dementia-free participants from Insight 46, a sub-study of the British 1946 birth cohort, who had cross-sectional T1/FLAIR volumetric MRI, and florbetapir amyloid-PET imaging at age 69–71 years, were included in analyses. We quantified white matter hyperintensity volume (WMHV) using T1 and FLAIR 3D-MRI; β-amyloid (Aβ) positivity/negativity using a SUVR approach; and whole brain (WBV) and hippocampal volumes (HV) using 3D T1-MRI. We investigated the influence of BMI, and BMI changes at and between 36, 43, 53, 60–64, 69 and 71 years, on late-life WMHV, Aβ-status, WBV and mean HV. Analyses were repeated using overweight and obese status. / Results: At no time-point was BMI, change in BMI or overweight/obese status associated with WMHV or WBV at age 69–71 years. Decreasing BMI in the 1–2 years before imaging was associated with an increased odds of being β-amyloid positive (OR 1.45, 95% confidence interval 1.09, 1.92). There were associations between being overweight and larger mean HV at ages 60–64 (β = 0.073 ml, 95% CI 0.009, 0.137), 69 (β = 0.076 ml, 95% CI 0.012, 0.140) and 71 years (β = 0.101 ml, 95% CI 0.037, 0.165). A similar, albeit weaker, trend was seen with obese status. / Conclusions: Using WMHV, β-amyloid status and brain volumes as indicators of brain health, we do not find evidence to explain reported associations between midlife obesity and late-life dementia risk. Declining BMI in later life may reflect preclinical Alzheimer’s disease.
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