Chang, Shu-Chun; (2000) Evaluation of the migration process from I-Lan County to Taipei City. Doctoral thesis (Ph.D), UCL (University College London).

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Abstract

The dominant conceptual view of migration is a model of migration based on factors of push and pull; the former drives people away from their place of origin and the latter pulls them toward somewhere else. This study aims, through an examination of rural-urban migration from I-Lan county to Taipei city in Taiwan, to test this conceptual understanding of the migration process. Accordingly, it considers how the migratory process takes place and assesses its impact on both rural and urban change as well as on the processes of economic development and urbanisation. Its general objective is to clarify the dominant view of push-pull factors being the cause of urban migration in developing countries and in Taiwan in particular. Unlike the dominant conceptual theories which argue that migration results in large part from the pursuit of increased income the central hypothesis of this study is that the majority of out-migrants from I-Lan county to Taipei city leave because of factors other than the pursuit of increased incomes. This hypothesis has been tested through undertaking a field-research. The study addresses two key interrelated issues: the main reason for out-migration occurring in I-Lan county and the characteristics of out-migrants from I-Lan county to Taipei. The research design and strategy for data collection employed in this study incorporates two representative sample surveys. The first, comprising two hundred interviews, is of 'out-migrants' from I-Lan county, and the second, of one hundred interviews, is of the 'stayers', those who stayed behind in I-Lan county. The quantitative surveys are placed in context by an examination of relevant documentation and qualitative discussions with government officials, 'stayers' and 'out- migrants'. The findings of this research indicate that migrants do not leave mainly for increased incomes. It is not the poorest who have the highest propensity to migrate to the city. Rather the process of outmigration involves people with higher economic status, better education and skills compared to those who stay in their place of origin. There is also evidence that most migrants leave for better education and improved job opportunities in Taipei city.

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