Lust, ST;
Shanahan, CM;
Shipley, RJ;
Lamata, P;
Gentleman, E;
(2021)
Design considerations for engineering 3D models to study vascular pathologies in vitro.
Acta Biomaterialia
10.1016/j.actbio.2021.02.031.
(In press).
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Abstract
Many cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are driven by pathological remodelling of blood vessels, which can lead to aneurysms, myocardial infarction, ischaemia and strokes. Aberrant remodelling is driven by changes in vascular cell behaviours combined with degradation, modification, or abnormal deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. The underlying mechanisms that drive the pathological remodelling of blood vessels are multifaceted and disease specific; however, unravelling them may be key to developing therapies. Reductionist models of blood vessels created in vitro that combine cells with biomaterial scaffolds may serve as useful analogues to study vascular disease progression in a controlled environment. This review presents the main considerations for developing such in vitro models. We discuss how the design of blood vessel models impacts experimental readouts, with a particular focus on the maintenance of normal cellular phenotypes, strategies that mimic normal cell-ECM interactions, and approaches that foster intercellular communication between vascular cell types. We also highlight how choice of biomaterials, cellular arrangements and the inclusion of mechanical stimulation using fluidic devices together impact the ability of blood vessel models to mimic in vivo conditions. In the future, by combining advances in materials science, cell biology, fluidics and modelling, it may be possible to create blood vessel models that are patient-specific and can be used to develop and test therapies.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Design considerations for engineering 3D models to study vascular pathologies in vitro |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.02.031 |
| Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2021.02.031 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | © 2021 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. under a Creative Commons license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
| Keywords: | Cardiovascular disease, blood vessel remodelling, 3D vascular models, biomaterials, personalised disease modelling |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science > Dept of Mechanical Engineering |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10123427 |
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