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Association of ambient air pollution with age-related macular degeneration and retinal thickness in UK Biobank

Chua, SYL; Warwick, A; Peto, T; Balaskas, K; Moore, AT; Reisman, C; Desai, P; ... UK Biobank Eye and Vision Consortium, .; + view all (2021) Association of ambient air pollution with age-related macular degeneration and retinal thickness in UK Biobank. British Journal of Ophthalmology 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-316218. (In press). Green open access

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Abstract

AIM: To examine the associations of air pollution with both self-reported age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and in vivo measures of retinal sublayer thicknesses. METHODS: We included 115 954 UK Biobank participants aged 40-69 years old in this cross-sectional study. Ambient air pollution measures included particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). Participants with self-reported ocular conditions, high refractive error (< -6 or > +6 diopters) and poor spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) image were excluded. Self-reported AMD was used to identify overt disease. SD-OCT imaging derived photoreceptor sublayer thickness and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) layer thickness were used as structural biomarkers of AMD for 52 602 participants. We examined the associations of ambient air pollution with self-reported AMD and both photoreceptor sublayers and RPE layer thicknesses. RESULTS: After adjusting for covariates, people who were exposed to higher fine ambient particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <2.5 µm (PM2.5, per IQR increase) had higher odds of self-reported AMD (OR=1.08, p=0.036), thinner photoreceptor synaptic region (β=-0.16 µm, p=2.0 × 10-5), thicker photoreceptor inner segment layer (β=0.04 µm, p=0.001) and thinner RPE (β=-0.13 µm, p=0.002). Higher levels of PM2.5 absorbance and NO2 were associated with thicker photoreceptor inner and outer segment layers, and a thinner RPE layer. Higher levels of PM10 (PM with an aerodynamic diameter <10 µm) was associated with thicker photoreceptor outer segment and thinner RPE, while higher exposure to NOx was associated with thinner photoreceptor synaptic region. CONCLUSION: Greater exposure to PM2.5 was associated with self-reported AMD, while PM2.5, PM2.5 absorbance, PM10, NO2 and NOx were all associated with differences in retinal layer thickness.

Type: Article
Title: Association of ambient air pollution with age-related macular degeneration and retinal thickness in UK Biobank
Location: England
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-316218
Publisher version: https://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-31621...
Language: English
Additional information: This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions.
Keywords: epidemiology, imaging, macula, public health, retina
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > Institute of Ophthalmology
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10122001
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