Monroy, David Sanchez; (1991) The analysis of manual exertions in asymmetrical working postures and its ergonomic application. Doctoral thesis (Ph.D), UCL (University College London).

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Abstract

This thesis explores the possibilities inherent in the experimental acquisition of a comprehensive data set of observed lifting postures and the static lifting strengths associated with them. The relevance of the study is placed in context by an initial review of studies that have been made of lifting and their ergonomic application. Photographs of one male subject were taken in 96 postures, both symmetric and asymmetric, while exerting a lifting force with one or both hands. The conditions investigated encompass 6 heights above the ground, 2 horizontal reaches from mid-ankles and 5 vertical planes, 45° apart, from 90° to the left and 90° to the right of the forward facing positions. Body landmarks in the projected images were digitised and stored together with the computed locations of various joints and centres of gravity of boay segments. Group data were also obtained for maximum one- and two-handed reach distances in each plane and at each height. Group data were collected of static lifting strength in one- and two-handed exertions for the same hand positions relative to the foot base as were used for the posture investigation. Gender-free predictive equations of lifting strength were developed for any hand location within the reach envelope, in which strength is normalised to body weight and the reach and height of the hands are normalised to stature. When interpolative and scaling techniques are applied to the data, estimates may be obtained of posture and strength to be expected for any hand location relative to the foot base of an individual of given height and weight. The data may be used to calculate the net demands on the low back associated with the exertions and to construct isodyne charts of lifting strength in any plane of exertion. The possible applications of the combined library of lifting postures and their associated strengths are discussed.

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