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The phenotypic spectrum of X-linked, infantile onset ALG13-related developmental and epileptic encephalopathy

Datta, AN; Bahi-Buisson, N; Bienvenu, T; Buerki, SE; Gardiner, F; Cross, JH; Heron, B; ... Lemke, JR; + view all (2021) The phenotypic spectrum of X-linked, infantile onset ALG13-related developmental and epileptic encephalopathy. Epilepsia 10.1111/epi.16761. (In press). Green open access

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Abstract

bjective: Asparagine-linked glycosylation 13 (ALG13) deficiencies have been re-peatedly described in the literature with the clinical phenotype of a developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE). Most cases were females carrying the recurrent ALG13 de novo variant, p.(Asn107Ser), with normal transferrin electrophoresis.Methods: We delineate the phenotypic spectrum of 38 individuals, 37 girls and one boy, 16 of them novel and 22 published, with the most common pathogenic ALG13 variant p.(Asn107Ser) and additionally report the phenotype of three individuals car-rying other likely pathogenic ALG13 variants.Results: The phenotypic spectrum often comprised pharmacoresistant epilepsy with epileptic spasms, mostly with onset within the first 6months of life and with spasm persistence in one-half of the cases. Tonic seizures were the most prevalent additional seizure type. Electroencephalography showed hypsarrhythmia and at a later stage of the disease in one-third of all cases paroxysms of fast activity with electrodecrement. ALG13-related DEE was usually associated with severe to pro-found developmental delay; ambulation was acquired by one-third of the cases, whereas purposeful hand use was sparse or completely absent. Hand stereotypies and dyskinetic movements including dystonia or choreoathetosis were relatively frequent. Verbal communication skills were absent or poor, and eye contact and pursuit were often impaired.Significance: X-linked ALG13-related DEE usually manifests as West syndrome with severe to profound developmental delay. It is predominantly caused by the recur-rent de novo missense variant p.(Asn107Ser). Comprehensive functional studies will be able to prove or disprove an association with congenital disorder of glycosylation.

Type: Article
Title: The phenotypic spectrum of X-linked, infantile onset ALG13-related developmental and epileptic encephalopathy
Location: United States
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1111/epi.16761
Publisher version: https://doi.org/10.1111/epi.16761
Language: English
Additional information: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Keywords: ALG13, West syndrome, developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, epileptic spasms
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > UCL GOS Institute of Child Health
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > UCL GOS Institute of Child Health > Developmental Neurosciences Dept
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10118858
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