Bronsky, J;
Campoy, C;
Embleton, N;
Fewtrell, M;
Mis, NF;
Gerasimidis, K;
Hojsak, I;
... Domellof, M; + view all
(2019)
Palm Oil and Beta-palmitate in Infant Formula: A Position Paper by the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) Committee on Nutrition.
Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition
, 68
(5)
pp. 742-760.
10.1097/MPG.0000000000002307.
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Abstract
Background: Palm oil (PO) is used in infant formulas in order to achieve palmitic acid (PA) levels similar to those in human milk. PA in PO is esterified predominantly at the SN-1,3 position of triacylglycerol (TAG), and infant formulas are now available in which a greater proportion of PA is in the SN-2 position (typical configuration in human milk). As there are some concerns about the use of PO, we aimed to review literature on health effects of PO and SN-2-palmitate in infant formulas. / Methods: PubMed and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were systematically searched for relevant studies on possible beneficial effects or harms of either PO or SN-2-palmitate in infant formula on various health outcomes. / Results: We identified 12 relevant studies using PO and 21 studies using SN-2-palmitate. Published studies have variable methodology, subject characteristics, and some are underpowered for the key outcomes. PO is associated with harder stools and SN-2-palmitate use may lead to softer stool consistency. Bone effects seem to be short-lasting. For some outcomes (infant colic, faecal microbiota, lipid metabolism), the number of studies is very limited and summary evidence inconclusive. Growth of infants is not influenced. There are no studies published on the effect on markers of later diseases. / Conclusions: There is insufficient evidence to suggest that PO should be avoided as a source of fat in infant formulas for health reasons. Inclusion of high SN-2-palmitate fat blend in infant formulas may have short-term effects on stool consistency but cannot be considered essential.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Palm Oil and Beta-palmitate in Infant Formula: A Position Paper by the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) Committee on Nutrition |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1097/MPG.0000000000002307 |
| Publisher version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0000000000002307 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions. |
| Keywords: | Science & Technology, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Nutrition & Dietetics, Pediatrics, colic, constipation, growth, lipids, palm olein, palmitic acid, REDUCED BONE MINERALIZATION, OLEIN-CONTAINING FORMULA, FATTY-ACID-COMPOSITION, X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY, HEALTHY TERM INFANTS, HIGH SN-2 PALMITATE, HUMAN-MILK FAT, DOUBLE-BLIND, GASTROINTESTINAL TOLERANCE, STOOL CHARACTERISTICS |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > UCL GOS Institute of Child Health UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > UCL GOS Institute of Child Health > Population, Policy and Practice Dept |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10112409 |
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