Ioannidis, Zacharias K.; (1990) Polarisation effects on optical fibre components and ring resonators. Doctoral thesis (Ph.D), UCL (University College London).

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Abstract

The work is concerned with single-mode optical fibre components which exhibit polarization sensitive operation, and the effect such components have on the performance of the optical fibre ring resonator. Polarisation sensitivity in the operation of optical fibre components is produced by evanescent field interaction either with a liquid crystal or a thin metal layer. In both cases access into the evanescent field of the guided mode is achieved by fibre polishing. In the former approach the polarisation selectivity results from the birefringent properties of the liquid crystal which replaces the fibre cladding, while in the latter from the polarisation sensitive coupling between the fibre and the lossy planar waveguide formed by the thin metal layer. A group of polarisation sensitive components including high quality polarisers, polarisation selective couplers and low loss high contrast intensity modulators are demonstrated using these two techniques. The possibility of fabricating optical fibre ring resonators using polarisation maintaining fibre to render its performance immune to environmental perturbations is also investigated both theoretically and experimentally. The unavoidable polarisation cross-talk is found to produce severe polarisation instability, and several methods to overcome this problem are suggested. In particular, the possibility of incorporating polarisation sensitive components in ring resonators to achieve this goal is investigated in detail. The first fibre ring resonator exhibiting polarisation stabilized response is demonstrated employing a polarisation selective coupler based on liquid crystals. Closely related to experimental investigations into ring resonators, limitations arising from phase modulating the ring optical path are also examined.

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