Bellamy, R; (2020) Globalization and Representative Democracy: Normative Challenges. In: Rohrschneider, R and Thomassen, J, (eds.) The Oxford Handbook of Political Representation in Liberal Democracies. (pp. 655-672). Oxford University Press: Oxford, UK.

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Abstract

Globalization has typically been regarded as challenging representative democracy at the state level. This chapter outlines four of these challenges—that of democratic externalities, of transnational global processes and supranational organizations, of cosmopolitan norms, and of effective and justified representation at the global level. It then explores three solutions that have been put forward to meet them: scaling up to a supra-national regional or even a global democracy for certain issues; creating a trans-national network of democratic bodies that address different issues and functions; or having inter-national associations of representative states under the equal control of their elected representatives. Whilst the first and second solutions are shown to create problems of both representation surpluses and deficits—some groups get over-represented and other groups under-represented, it is argued that the third solution can avoid both these difficulties and that it addresses the challenges more directly.

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