Cooper, K;
Russell, A;
Mandy, W;
Butler, C;
(2020)
The phenomenology of gender dysphoria in adults: A systematic review and meta-synthesis.
Clinical Psychology Review
, 80
, Article 101875. 10.1016/j.cpr.2020.101875.
(In press).
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Abstract
Gender dysphoria is distress due to a discrepancy between one's assigned gender and gender identity. Adults whowish to access gender clinics are assessed to ensure they meet the diagnostic criteria for gender dysphoria.Therefore, the definition of gender dysphoria has a significant impact on the lives of individuals who wish toundergo physical gender transition. This systematic review aimed to identify and synthesize all existing quali-tative research literature about the lived experience of gender dysphoria in adults. A pre-planned systematicsearch identified 1491 papers, with 20 of those meeting full inclusion criteria, and a quality assessment of eachpaper was conducted. Data pertaining to the lived experience of gender dysphoria were extracted from eachpaper and a meta-ethnographic synthesis was conducted. Four overarching concepts were identified; distress dueto dissonance of assigned and experienced gender; interface of assigned gender, gender identity and society;social consequences of gender identity; internal processing of rejection, and transphobia. A key finding was thereciprocal relationship between an individual's feelings about their gender and societal responses to transgenderpeople. Other subthemes contributing to distress were misgendering, mismatch between gender identity andsocietal expectations, and hypervigilance for transphobia.
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