Roberts, Timothy Lloyd; (1995) Linoleic acid and sudden cardiac death. Doctoral thesis (M.D), UCL (University College London).

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Abstract

Dietary linoleic acid consumption, as reflected by adipose tissue triglyceride fatty acid percent composition, has been shown in between population studies, cross sectional studies and population case control studies to be inversely related to the risk of angina pectoris, first acute myocardial infarction and mortality due to coronary heart disease (CHD). Death that occurs within 24 hours of symptoms starting is not only a common mode of death from CHD but is frequently the mode of presentation of this disease. These deaths are commonly referred to as sudden cardiac deaths. This thesis describes a population case control study designed to address the hypothesis that dietary linoleic acid is inversely related to the risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) due to coronary heart disease in men under the age of 65 years. Over a period of eighteen months, 66 samples of adipose tissue were obtained from 84 male cases of SCD. From 357 age matched male controls, 229 samples of adipose tissue were obtained from disease free controls. The mean percentage (SEM) composition of adipose tissue linoleic acid in the cases was 11.16% (0.41) compared to 12.96% (0.27) in the controls. The estimated relative risk of SCD for the lowest quintile of the frequency distribution of linoleic acid in the controls was 5.75 (95% confidence interval 1.84 to 18.0). Multivariate analysis revealed that low linoleic acid was independently related to the risk of SCD when treated hypertension, diabetes and age were included. Smoking, however, displaced all other variables and remained the only significant factor related to SCD. Dietary adjustment to increase the relative amount of linoleic acid present in the diet is recommended for populations at risk from CHD.

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