Olatoye, Solomon Foalrin; (1996) Small scale combined heat and power systems: Their application in a developing tropical country. Doctoral thesis (Ph.D), UCL (University College London).

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Abstract

The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the effectiveness of small scale Combined Heat and Power (CHP) systems when adapted for developing countries with a hot climate such as Nigeria. CHP technology is currently widely used in developed countries, the majority of which are located in the temperate region. The system operates by the burning of fossil fuel to provide electrical and (low and high grade) heat energy. The heat, which is normally wasted in most other electricity generating methods, is recovered and used to provide space heating and domestic hot water. The work reported here assesses whether the electricity from CHP systems in Nigeria could be used to increase the current national electrical capacity to meet the country's demand, thereby alleviating the constant public grid power failures. It also assesses whether the recovered heat could be used to provide domestic hot water as well as space cooling. The thesis investigates the various methods of applying this technology and considers the most cost effective techniques of achieving electricity self sufficiency in the country. The Thesis has been organised in three parts. In the first, small scale CHP technology is examined, and Nigeria, taken as a typical tropical developing country is discussed, in terms of its weather, its industries and types of residential and commercial buildings. The role of the public grid is also discussed along with the problems it currently experiences. In part two, three case studies are considered. Each one examines a typical method of applying small scale CHP, namely; (i) a communal arrangement, (ii) an industrial application and (iii) a residential application. Finally in part three, an economic analysis of the three options is evaluated. Also the predicted results for each options are summarised and discussed in the concluding chapter. The study concludes that small scale CHP can make a significant contribution to a more efficient method of generating electricity, heat and space cooling for industry, as well as for commercial and residential buildings in Nigeria. In addition, it is shown, the application of CHP systems to the public grid could result in a more stable electricity power supply for the country. The methods are likely to be effective in other developing tropical countries.

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