Mengisidou, M; (2020) Verbal Fluency Difficulties in Dyslexia and Developmental Language Disorder (DLD). Poor Representations or Slower Retrieval Processes? International Journal of Educational Advancement , 2 (1)

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Abstract

Dyslexia and Developmental Language Disorder (hereafter DDLD) are two neurodevelopmental disorders which affect, respectively, the typical development of literacy and oral language skills. The current study investigated whether semantic fluency difficulties in dyslexia and DLD are better explained by impoverished semantic structure, or by slower retrieval processes of items from the lexicon while the semantic structure is intact. The semantic fluency task requires the production of as many words as possible which belong to certain categories, such as “animals”. This is a task used to investigate lexical organization by analyzing clustering behavior (e.g., “pets”). Another type of fluency task is the phonological fluency task requiring the production of as many words as possible beginning with certain letters. This is a task used to investigate the quality of phonological representations by analyzing clustering behavior (e.g., flag-flower). Phonological representations refer to the abstracted way that speech sounds of a particular language are represented in the brain, and the current study investigated the locus of the phonological deficit. That is, whether phonological fluency difficulties in dyslexia and DLD are better explained by degraded phonological representations, or by deficient explicit access to phonological representations while implicit access to them is intact.

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